{
  "districtId": "BU-20",
  "slug": "madhubani",
  "name": "Madhubani",
  "sourceName": "Madhubani",
  "lgdCode": "206",
  "census": {
    "lgdCode": "206",
    "name": "Madhubani",
    "slug": "madhubani",
    "population2011": 4487379,
    "ruralPopulation2011": 4325884,
    "urbanPopulation2011": 161495,
    "urbanShare2011": 3.5988714124659404,
    "literacyPercent2011": 58.6,
    "maleLiteracyPercent2011": 70.1,
    "femaleLiteracyPercent2011": 46.2,
    "density2011": 1282,
    "malePopulation2011": null,
    "femalePopulation2011": null,
    "sexRatio2011": 926,
    "workforce2011": null,
    "economy": {
      "referencePeriod": "2023-24",
      "gddpCurrentLakh": 2423386,
      "perCapitaIncomeRupees": 43986
    },
    "crops": {
      "referencePeriod": "2024-25",
      "riceTonnes": 407487,
      "wheatTonnes": 239814,
      "maizeTonnes": 619,
      "cerealsTonnes": 648097
    },
    "sourceUrls": [
      "https://statedata.bihar.gov.in/dataLab/getDistrictDetails?districtCode=206"
    ],
    "sourcePage": "https://statedata.bihar.gov.in/dataLab/",
    "sourceId": "bihar-des-district-facts",
    "retrieved": "2026-10-25",
    "sourcePrecision": {
      "literacyPercent": "one decimal, as republished by DES",
      "population": "persons, exact integer count in DES response"
    },
    "correction": null,
    "caveats": [
      "Census2011 demographic snapshot, not current population.",
      "Density is source-published Census2011 density; never divide the count by the 2021 map area.",
      "Literacy rates are republished rounded values.",
      "Current-price district income2023-24 is not household income or GDP per person.",
      "Crop quantities2024-25 have a different reference period from economic data."
    ],
    "reuse": {
      "termsUrl": "https://statedata.bihar.gov.in/dataLab/websitePolicy",
      "terms": "Accurate attributed reproduction under DES website terms; third-party rights preserved; no endorsement.",
      "underlyingCensusCatalog": "https://www.data.gov.in/catalog/villagetown-wise-primary-census-abstract-2011-bihar",
      "underlyingCensusLicense": "Government Open Data License–India (OGD catalog); do not claim this standard licence for all DES economics/crops."
    },
    "sexRatioSourceUrl": "https://statedata.bihar.gov.in/dataLab/assets/js/31_10_2025_chart.js"
  },
  "odop": {
    "districtId": "BU-20",
    "slug": "madhubani",
    "districtName": "Madhubani",
    "product": "Makhana (Foxnut)",
    "referencePeriod": "2024",
    "sourceId": "mofpi-odop-2024",
    "sourceSerial": 21,
    "sourcePage": 7,
    "verificationState": "transcribed-from-retrieved-source"
  },
  "heritage": {
    "districtId": "BU-20",
    "slug": "madhubani",
    "districtName": "Madhubani",
    "count": 1,
    "referencePeriod": "2023-07-31",
    "sourceId": "asi-parliament-2023",
    "sourcePage": 3,
    "sourceSerial": 9,
    "verificationState": "transcribed-from-retrieved-source"
  },
  "monuments": [
    {
      "sourceSerial": 226,
      "name": "Remains of ancient fort or Pachrukhi Garh locally known as Raja Bali Ka Garh",
      "locality": "Balirajgarh",
      "districtId": "BU-20",
      "slug": "madhubani",
      "sourceDistrict": "Madhubani",
      "sourcePage": 6,
      "sourceId": "nma-asi-list",
      "referencePeriod": null,
      "verificationState": "transcribed-from-retrieved-source",
      "caveats": [
        "Source publication date not provided; district attribution retained as printed, including historical assignments",
        "Not an exhaustive list of district heritage or a visitor-access guarantee"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "climate": {
    "districtId": "BU-20",
    "slug": "madhubani",
    "districtName": "Madhubani",
    "representativePoint": [
      86.2501,
      26.3503
    ],
    "representativePointMethod": "Turf pointOnFeature on geoBoundaries source shape; rounded to five decimal degrees",
    "referencePeriod": "2001–2020",
    "sourceId": "nasa-power-2001-2020",
    "sourceUrl": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?parameters=T2M,T2M_MAX,T2M_MIN&community=AG&longitude=86.2501&latitude=26.3503&format=JSON&start=2001&end=2020",
    "sourceApiVersion": "v2.10.1",
    "sourceHeaderRange": "20-year Meteorological and Solar Monthly & Annual Climatologies (January 2001 - December 2020)",
    "grid": "MERRA-2 native meteorology grid: 0.5° latitude × 0.625° longitude",
    "unit": "°C",
    "months": [
      {
        "month": "JAN",
        "mean": 15.78,
        "modelMaximum": 29.55,
        "modelMinimum": 1.06
      },
      {
        "month": "FEB",
        "mean": 19.8,
        "modelMaximum": 37.5,
        "modelMinimum": 6.33
      },
      {
        "month": "MAR",
        "mean": 25.57,
        "modelMaximum": 41.62,
        "modelMinimum": 9.42
      },
      {
        "month": "APR",
        "mean": 30.55,
        "modelMaximum": 44.25,
        "modelMinimum": 17.29
      },
      {
        "month": "MAY",
        "mean": 32.39,
        "modelMaximum": 45.46,
        "modelMinimum": 20.34
      },
      {
        "month": "JUN",
        "mean": 32.43,
        "modelMaximum": 44.76,
        "modelMinimum": 24.09
      },
      {
        "month": "JUL",
        "mean": 29.6,
        "modelMaximum": 39.98,
        "modelMinimum": 23.9
      },
      {
        "month": "AUG",
        "mean": 28.91,
        "modelMaximum": 37.81,
        "modelMinimum": 23.63
      },
      {
        "month": "SEP",
        "mean": 27.63,
        "modelMaximum": 37.21,
        "modelMinimum": 20.32
      },
      {
        "month": "OCT",
        "mean": 25.33,
        "modelMaximum": 35.75,
        "modelMinimum": 13.35
      },
      {
        "month": "NOV",
        "mean": 21.33,
        "modelMaximum": 33.77,
        "modelMinimum": 9.35
      },
      {
        "month": "DEC",
        "mean": 17,
        "modelMaximum": 30.03,
        "modelMinimum": 4.99
      }
    ],
    "annualMean": 25.54,
    "summerMeanMAM": 29.503333333333334,
    "winterMeanDJF": 17.526666666666667,
    "summerModelMaximum": 45.46,
    "winterModelMinimum": 1.06,
    "retrievalDate": "2026-10-25",
    "verificationState": "retrieved-period-checked",
    "caveats": [
      "Point sample of coarse reanalysis grid; not a district average or weather-station record",
      "Summer=MAM; winter=DJF. Seasonal means are equal-month means of monthly climatological means",
      "Maximum/minimum are model parameter extrema for the period, not observed station records"
    ]
  },
  "rainfall": {
    "districtId": "BU-20",
    "slug": "madhubani",
    "districtName": "Madhubani",
    "sourceDistrictName": "Madhubani",
    "referencePeriod": "1951–2000",
    "sourceId": "imd-rainfall-1951-2000",
    "unit": "mm",
    "monthlyNormals": [
      10.4,
      7.4,
      8.1,
      23.7,
      64.7,
      181.7,
      371.7,
      296.6,
      189.4,
      58,
      4.1,
      5.5
    ],
    "annualNormal": 1221.3,
    "monsoonNormalJJAS": 1039.4,
    "monsoonMethod": "Sum of printed June, July, August and September monthly normals",
    "monthlyRainyDays": [
      0.7,
      0.6,
      0.6,
      1.7,
      3.4,
      7,
      12.9,
      10.7,
      7.9,
      2.2,
      0.3,
      0.4
    ],
    "annualRainyDays": 48.4,
    "rainyDayDefinition": "Day with rainfall of 2.5 mm or more",
    "verificationState": "transcribed-from-retrieved-source",
    "sourceTable": "Table V: Monthly and annual normals of rainfall and rainy days",
    "caveats": [
      "Historical district normals based on available station records in the nominal 1951–2000 period; not all stations have a complete50-year series",
      "District definitions follow the publication, not certified current or census geography",
      "Annual normal retained as printed; monthly sums may differ slightly because of rounding"
    ],
    "sourcePage": 65,
    "printedPage": 28
  },
  "rivers": [
    "Sapt"
  ],
  "places": []
}